Agriculture and Food Security
Although global food production has substantially increased in the past few decades, nearly 870 million
people still live in hunger today, most of them in South Asia and sub-Saharan Africa (Aggarwal et al.,
2013). Scientists project that increases in temperatures and shifts in rainfall patterns will have a
significant impact on agriculture during this century.
Climate Change and Energy
Climate change has been identified as one of the most daunting challenges facing the world in this century and it is particularly more serious in developing countries largely due to their geographic exposure, low incomes, greater reliance on climate-sensitive sectors and weak capacity to adapt to the changing climate (IPCC, 2007).
Biodiversity and Natural Resources Management
It is commonly agreed that one of the avenues for getting many of the poorest countries out of the low income trap is to provide them with a big demand push that will generate enough demand complementarities to expand the size of markets and recover the fixed costs of industrialization.
